A 28-year-old male farmer presents with fever, headache, and poor appetite for 4 days after harvest, and reduced urine output for 2 days. He is diagnosed with epidemic hemorrhagic fever. On day 2 of hospitalization, he develops anuria, worsening edema, restlessness, dyspnea, and cough. Examination reveals orthopnea, jugular vein distension, heart rate 140/min, gallop rhythm, extensive bilateral rales, and BP 186/94 mmHg. Laboratory tests show BUN 60 mmol/L and Cr 430 μmol/L. The mechanism underlying these symptoms and signs is: